11G R2 RAC Quick Ref for a DBA
Commonly used Commands
************************************************************************* su - grid -c "crs_stat -t -v" su - grid -c "crsctl status resource -w \"TYPE co 'ora'\" -t" srvctl start database -d stgtdb srvctl start database -d stgrat srvctl start database -d stgrptdb srvctl status instance -d racdb -i racdb1 srvctl status nodeapps srvctl config nodeapps srvctl config database srvctl config database -d racdb -a srvctl status asm srvctl config asm -a srvctl config listener -a srvctl status scan srvctl config scan srvctl status vip -n racnode1 srvctl status vip -n racnode2 srvctl config vip -n racnode1 srvctl config vip -n racnode2 srvctl config nodeapps -a -g -s -l srvctl stop database -d racdb srvctl start database -d racdb crsctl check cluster crsctl stop cluster crsctl stop cluster -all crsctl start cluster crsctl start cluster -all crsctl start cluster -n racnode1 racnode2 cluvfy comp scan -verbose cluvfy comp clocksync -verbose SELECT inst_id , instance_number inst_no , instance_name inst_name , parallel , status , database_status db_status , active_state state , host_name host FROM gv$instance ORDER BY inst_id; select name from v$datafile union select member from v$logfile union select name from v$controlfile union select name from v$tempfile; Checking CRS Status: The below two commands are generally used to check the status of CRS. The first command lists the status of CRS on the local node where as the other command shows the CRS status across all the nodes in Cluster. crsctl check crs <<-- br="" for="" local="" node="" the="">crsctl check cluster <<-- br="" cluster="" for="" in="" nodes="" remote="" the=""> [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl check crs Cluster Synchronization Services appears healthy Cluster Ready Services appears healthy Event Manager appears healthy [root@node1-pub ~]# Checking Viability of CSS across nodes: crsctl check cluster For this command to run, CSS needs to be running on the local node. The "ONLINE" status for remote node says that CSS is running on that node. When CSS is down on the remote node, the status of "OFFLINE" is displayed for that node. [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl check cluster node1-pub ONLINE node2-pub ONLINE Viewing Cluster name: I use below command to get the name of Cluster. You can also dump the ocr and view the name from the dump file. ocrdump -stdout -keyname SYSTEM | grep -A 1 clustername | grep ORATEXT | awk '{print $3}' [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrdump -stdout -keyname SYSTEM | grep -A 1 clustername | grep ORATEXT | awk '{print $3}' test-crs [root@node1-pub ~]# OR ocrconfig -export /tmp/ocr_exp.dat -s online for i in `strings /tmp/ocr_exp.dat | grep -A 1 clustername` ; do if [ $i != 'SYSTEM.css.clustername' ]; then echo $i; fi; done [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrconfig -export /tmp/ocr_exp.dat -s online [root@node1-pub ~]# for i in `strings /tmp/ocr_exp.dat | grep -A 1 clustername` ; do if [ $i != 'SYSTEM.css.clustername' ]; then echo $i; fi; done test-crs [root@node1-pub ~]# OR Oracle creates a directory with the same name as Cluster under the $ORA_CRS_HOME/cdata. you can get the cluster name from this directory as well. [root@node1-pub ~]# ls /u01/app/crs/cdata localhost test-crs Viewing No. Of Nodes configured in Cluster: The below command can be used to find out the number of nodes registered into the cluster. It also displays the node's Public name, Private name and Virtual name along with their numbers. olsnodes -n -p -i [root@node1-pub ~]# olsnodes -n -p -i node1-pub 1 node1-prv node1-vip node2-pub 2 node2-prv node2-vip Viewing Votedisk Information: The below command is used to view the no. of Votedisks configured in the Cluster. crsctl query css votedisk [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl query css votedisk 0. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_0 1. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_1 2. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_2 Located 3 voting disk(s). [root@node1-pub ~]# [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl check crs Cluster Synchronization Services appears healthy Cluster Ready Services appears healthy Event Manager appears healthy [root@node1-pub ~]# Viewing OCR Disk Information: The below command is used to view the no. of OCR files configured in the Cluster. It also displays the version of OCR as well as storage space information. You can only have 2 OCR files at max. ocrcheck [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrcheck Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows : Version : 2 Total space (kbytes) : 262120 Used space (kbytes) : 3848 Available space (kbytes) : 258272 ID : 744414276 Device/File Name : /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_0 Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File Name : /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_1 Device/File integrity check succeeded Cluster registry integrity check succeeded Various Timeout Settings in Cluster: Disktimeout: Disk Latencies in seconds from node-to-Votedisk. Default Value is 200. (Disk IO) Misscount: Network Latencies in second from node-to-node (Interconnect). Default Value is 60 Sec (Linux) and 30 Sec in Unix platform. (Network IO) Misscount < Disktimeout NOTE: Do not change them without contacting Oracle Support. This may cause logical corruption to the Data. IF (Disk IO Time > Disktimeout) OR (Network IO time > Misscount) THEN REBOOT NODE ELSE DO NOT REBOOT END IF; crsctl get css disktimeout crsctl get css misscount crsctl get css reboottime [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl get css disktimeout 200 [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl get css misscount Configuration parameter misscount is not defined. <<<<< This message indicates that the Misscount is not set maually and it is set to it's Default Value On Linux, it is default to 60 Second. If you want to chang it, you can do that as below. (Not recommended) [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl set css misscount 100 Configuration parameter misscount is now set to 100. [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl get css misscount 100 The below command sets the value of misscount back to its Default values: crsctl unset css misscount [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl unset css misscount [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl get css reboottime 3 Add/Remove OCR file in Cluster: Removing OCR File (1) Get the Existing OCR file information by running ocrcheck utility. [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrcheck Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows : Version : 2 Total space (kbytes) : 262120 Used space (kbytes) : 3852 Available space (kbytes) : 258268 ID : 744414276 Device/File Name : /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_0 <-- br="" ocr="">Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File Name : /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_1 <-- br="" mirror="" ocr="">Device/File integrity check succeeded Cluster registry integrity check succeeded (2) The First command removes the OCR mirror (/u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_1). If you want to remove the OCR file (/u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_1) run the next command. ocrconfig -replace ocrmirror ocrconfig -replace ocr [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrconfig -replace ocrmirror [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrcheck Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows : Version : 2 Total space (kbytes) : 262120 Used space (kbytes) : 3852 Available space (kbytes) : 258268 ID : 744414276 Device/File Name : /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_0 <<-- br="" file="" ocr="">Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured <-- any="" br="" existed="" mirror="" more="" not="" ocr=""> Cluster registry integrity check succeeded Adding OCR You need to add OCR or OCR Mirror file in a case where you want to move the existing OCR file location to the different Devices. The below command add ths OCR mirror file if OCR file alread exists. (1) Get the Current status of OCR: [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrconfig -replace ocrmirror [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrcheck Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows : Version : 2 Total space (kbytes) : 262120 Used space (kbytes) : 3852 Available space (kbytes) : 258268 ID : 744414276 Device/File Name : /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_0 <<-- br="" file="" ocr="">Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured <-- br="" does="" exist="" mirror="" not="" ocr=""> Cluster registry integrity check succeeded As You can see, I only have one OCR file but not the second file which is OCR Mirror. So, I can add second OCR (OCR Mirror) as below command. ocrconfig -replace ocrmirror [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrconfig -replace ocrmirror /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_1 [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrcheck Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows : Version : 2 Total space (kbytes) : 262120 Used space (kbytes) : 3852 Available space (kbytes) : 258268 ID : 744414276 Device/File Name : /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_0 Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File Name : /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_1 Device/File integrity check succeeded Cluster registry integrity check succeeded You can have at most 2 OCR devices (OCR itself and its single Mirror) in a cluster. Adding extra Mirror gives you below error message [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrconfig -replace ocrmirror /u02/ocfs2/ocr/OCRfile_2 PROT-21: Invalid parameter [root@node1-pub ~]# Add/Remove Votedisk file in Cluster: Adding Votedisk: Get the existing Vote Disks associated into the cluster. To be safe, Bring crs cluster stack down on all the nodes but one on which you are going to add votedisk from. (1) Stop CRS on all the nodes in cluster but one. [root@node2-pub ~]# crsctl stop crs (2) Get the list of Existing Vote Disks crsctl query css votedisk [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl query css votedisk 0. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_0 1. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_1 2. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_2 Located 3 voting disk(s). (3) Backup the VoteDisk file Backup the existing votedisks as below as oracle: dd if=/u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_0 of=$ORACLE_BASE/bkp/vd/VDFile_0 [root@node1-pub ~]# su - oracle [oracle@node1-pub ~]$ dd if=/u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_0 of=$ORACLE_BASE/bkp/vd/VDFile_0 41024+0 records in 41024+0 records out [oracle@node1-pub ~]$ (4) Add an Extra Votedisk into the Cluster: If it is a OCFS, then touch the file as oracle. On raw devices, initialize the raw devices using "dd" command touch /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3 <<-- as="" br="" oracle="">crsctl add css votedisk /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3 <<-- as="" br="" oracle="">crsctl query css votedisks [root@node1-pub ~]# su - oracle [oracle@node1-pub ~]$ touch /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3 [oracle@node1-pub ~]$ crsctl add css votedisk /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3 Now formatting voting disk: /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3. Successful addition of voting disk /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3. (5) Confirm that the file has been added successfully: [root@node1-pub ~]# ls -l /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 21004288 Oct 6 16:31 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3 [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl query css votedisks Unknown parameter: votedisks [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl query css votedisk 0. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_0 1. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_1 2. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_2 3. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3 Located 4 voting disk(s). [root@node1-pub ~]# Removing Votedisk: Removing Votedisk from the cluster is very simple. Tthe below command removes the given votedisk from cluster configuration. crsctl delete css votedisk /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3 [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl delete css votedisk /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3 Successful deletion of voting disk /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_3. [root@node1-pub ~]# [root@node1-pub ~]# crsctl query css votedisk 0. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_0 1. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_1 2. 0 /u02/ocfs2/vote/VDFile_2 Located 3 voting disk(s). [root@node1-pub ~]# Backing Up OCR Oracle performs physical backup of OCR devices every 4 hours under the default backup direcory $ORA_CRS_HOME/cdata/ and then it rolls that forward to Daily, weekly and monthly backup. You can get the backup information by executing below command. ocrconfig -showbackup [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrconfig -showbackup node2-pub 2007/09/03 17:46:47 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/backup00.ocr node2-pub 2007/09/03 13:46:45 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/backup01.ocr node2-pub 2007/09/03 09:46:44 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/backup02.ocr node2-pub 2007/09/03 01:46:39 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/day.ocr node2-pub 2007/09/03 01:46:39 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/week.ocr [root@node1-pub ~]# Manually backing up the OCR ocrconfig -manualbackup <<--physical backup="" br="" ocr="" of=""> The above command backs up OCR under the default Backup directory. You can export the contents of the OCR using below command (Logical backup). ocrconfig -export /tmp/ocr_exp.dat -s online <<-- backup="" br="" logical="" ocr="" of=""> Restoring OCR The below command is used to restore the OCR from the physical backup. Shutdown CRS on all nodes. ocrconfig -restore Locate the avialable Backups [root@node1-pub ~]# ocrconfig -showbackup node2-pub 2007/09/03 17:46:47 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/backup00.ocr node2-pub 2007/09/03 13:46:45 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/backup01.ocr node2-pub 2007/09/03 09:46:44 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/backup02.ocr node2-pub 2007/09/03 01:46:39 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/day.ocr node2-pub 2007/09/03 01:46:39 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/week.ocr node1-pub 2007/10/07 13:50:41 /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/backup_20071007_135041.ocr Perform Restore from previous Backup [root@node2-pub ~]# ocrconfig -restore /u01/app/crs/cdata/test-crs/week.ocr The above command restore the OCR from week old backup. If you have logical backup of OCR (taken using export option), then You can import it with the below command. ocrconfig -import /tmp/ocr_exp.dat Restoring Votedisks Shutdown CRS on all the nodes in Cluster. Locate the current location of the Votedisks Restore each of the votedisks using "dd" command from the previous good backup of Votedisk taken using the same "dd" command. Start CRS on all the nodes. crsctl stop crs crsctl query css votedisk dd if= Changing Public and Virtual IP Address: Current Config Changed to Node 1: Public IP: 216.160.37.154 192.168.10.11 VIP: 216.160.37.153 192.168.10.111 subnet: 216.160.37.159 192.168.10.0 Netmask: 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.0 Interface used: eth0 eth0 Hostname: node1-pub.hingu.net node1-pub.hingu.net Node 2: Public IP: 216.160.37.156 192.168.10.22 VIP: 216.160.37.157 192.168.10.222 subnet: 216.160.37.159 192.168.10.0 Netmask: 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.0 Interface used: eth0 eth0 Hostname: node1-pub.hingu.net node2-pub.hingu.net Take the Services, Database, ASM Instances and nodeapps down on both the Nodes in Cluster. Also disable the nodeapps, asm and database instances to prevent them from restarting in case if this node gets rebooted during this process. srvctl stop service -d test srvctl stop database -d test srvctl stop asm -n node1-pub srvctl stop asm -n node2-pub srvctl stop nodeapps -n node1-pub,node1-pub2 srvctl disable instance -d test -i test1,test2 srvctl disable asm -n node1-pub srvctl disable asm -n node2-pub srvctl disable nodeapps -n node1-pub srvctl disable nodeapps -n node2-pub Modify the /etc/hosts and/or DNS, ifcfg-eth0 (local node) with the new IP values on All the Nodes Restart the specific network interface in order to use the new IP. ifconfig eth0 down ifconfig eth0 up Or, you can restart the network. CAUTION: on NAS, restarting entire network may cause the node to be rebooted. Update the OCR with the New Public IP. In case of public IP, you have to delete the interface first and then add it back with the new IP address. As oracle user, Issue the below command: oifcfg delif -global eth0 oifcfg setif -global eth0/192.168.10.0:public Update the OCR with the New Virtual IP. Virtual IP is part of the nodeapps and so you can modify the nodeapps to update the Virtual IP information. As privileged user (root), Issue the below commands: srvctl modify nodeapps -n node1-pub -A 192.168.10.111/255.255.255.0/eth0 <-- 1="" br="" for="" node="">srvctl modify nodeapps -n node1-pub -A 192.168.10.222/255.255.255.0/eth0 <-- 2="" br="" for="" node=""> Enable the nodeapps, ASM, database Instances for all the Nodes. srvctl enable instance -d test -i test1,test2 srvctl enable asm -n node1-pub srvctl enable asm -n node2-pub srvctl enable nodeapps -n node1-pub srvctl enable nodeapps -n node2-pub Update the listener.ora file on each nodes with the correct IP addresses in case if it uses the IP address instead of the hostname. Restart the Nodeapps, ASM and Database instance srvctl start nodeapps -n node1-pub srvctl start nodeapps -n node2-pub srvctl start asm -n node1-pub srvctl start asm -n node2-pub srvctl start database -d test RVCTL is used to manage the following resources (components): *************************************************************** Component Abbreviation Description *********************************************************************** asm asm Oracle ASM instance database db Database instance diskgroup dg Oracle ASM disk group filesystem filesystem Oracle ASM file system home home Oracle home or Oracle Clusterware home listener lsnr Oracle Net listener service serv Database service ons, eons ons, eons Oracle Notification Services (ONS) *********************************************************************** Oracle entities (such as resources, resource types, and server pools) that have names beginning with ora are managed only by SRVCTL (and not by CRSCTL) unless you are directed to do so by Oracle Support. The cluster specific commands are generally managed by CRSCTL. Syntax: srvctl command object options The available commands used with SRVCTL are: Command Description add Adds a component to the Oracle Restart configuration. config Displays the Oracle Restart configuration for a component. disable Disables management by Oracle Restart for a component. enable Reenables management by Oracle Restart for a component. getenv Displays environment variables in the Oracle Restart configuration for a database, Oracle ASM instance, or listener. modify Modifies the Oracle Restart configuration for a component. remove Removes a component from the Oracle Restart configuration. setenv Sets environment variables in the Oracle Restart configuration for a database, Oracle ASM instance, or listener. start Starts the specified component. status Displays the running status of the specified component. stop Stops the specified component. unsetenv Unsets environment variables in the Oracle Restart configuration for a database, Oracle ASM instance, or listener. For more information go to the Oracle DBA Guide Here are a matrix of commands/ object combination: Commands Objects Comment srvctl add srvctl modify srvctl remove instance database service nodeapps The OCR is modified. srvctl relocate service You can reallocate a service from one named instance to another named instance. srvctl start srvctl stop srvctl status instance database service asm nodeapps srvctl disable srvctl enable instance database service asm enable = when the server restart the resource must be restarted disable = when the server restart the resource must NOT be restarted (perhaps we are working for some maintenance tasks) srvctl config database service asm nodeapps Lists configuration information from the OCR (Oracle Cluster Registry). srvctl getenv srvctl setenv srvctl unsetenv instance database service nodeapps srvctl getenv = displays the environment variables stored in the OCR for target. srvctl setenv = allows these variables to be set srvctl unsetenv = llows these variables to be unset The most SRVCTL commands are: srvctl start database -d DBname srvctl stop database -d DBname If you don't know the DBname you might run select name from v$database; srvctl start instance -d DBname -i INSTANCEname srvctl stop instance -d DBname -i INSTANCEname srvctl start instance -d DBname -i INSTANCEname srvctl stop instance -d DBname -i INSTANCEname srvctl status database -d DBname srvctl status instance -d DBname -i INSTANCEname srvctl status nodeapps -n NODEname srvctl enable database -d DBname srvctl disable database -d DBname srvctl enable instance -d DBname -i INSTANCEname srvctl disable instance -d DBname -i INSTANCEname srvctl config database -d DBname -> to get some information about the database from OCR. srvctl getenv nodeaps |
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